Prepare the Zabaglione Base: Fill a saucepan with 3 inches of water and bring to a simmer over medium heat. In a heatproof bowl, whisk egg yolks and granulated sugar with an electric mixer on high speed until thick and pale (3–4 minutes). Reduce speed to low; mix in raspberry liqueur and salt.
Cook the Egg Mixture: Place the bowl over the simmering water (ensure it does not touch the water). Continuously beat the mixture on medium speed until thickened and the temperature reaches 145°F (63°C), about 10 minutes. Remove from heat.
Incorporate Mascarpone: Gradually fold room-temperature mascarpone into the egg mixture, mixing until smooth. Let cool at room temperature for 15 minutes.
Whip the Cream: In a chilled bowl, beat heavy cream and confectioners’ sugar to soft peaks. Gently fold the whipped cream into the mascarpone mixture until fully combined. Set aside.
Prepare Coffee-Chocolate Dip: Combine hot coffee and chopped dark chocolate in a bowl; whisk until melted. Stir in vanilla and almond extracts.
Assemble the First Layer: Quickly dip 24 ladyfingers into the coffee mixture (1–2 seconds per side) and arrange in a 9x13-inch dish. Spread ½ cup raspberry jam over the ladyfingers. Top with half the mascarpone cream, then scatter 2 cups fresh raspberries evenly.
Repeat Layers: Dip remaining ladyfingers and layer as before. Spread remaining jam and mascarpone cream. Arrange final 2 cups raspberries on top.
Chill: Cover with plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 8 hours (up to 24 hours).
Serve: Before serving, dust with cocoa powder and garnish with chocolate shavings. Slice and serve chilled.